Version 4.0 2026年4月2日发布 / 4月9日生效

VEX V5RC Push Back 规则变更解读

内部培训用 · 基于官方 Game Manual v4.0 整理 · Edison 教练组

目录

一、<SG7> 自主阶段跨线规则重写

影响程度:高

SG7 自主阶段不能跨线干扰对方

核心规则:自主阶段中,机器人不能接触自主线(Autonomous Line)对面的地砖、方块(Blocks)或场地元素(Field Elements)。

v4.0 关键变化:

自主阶段违规后果一览表

自主阶段行为 后果
方块通过球门越线到对方半场 合法,无违规
你的方块从场地上滚过自主线,没有影响对方自主程序(没碰到对方的球,没挡对方的路) 裁判可能不判罚(灰色地带,取决于裁判判断)
你的方块从场地上滚过自主线,影响了对方自主程序 SG7 轻微违规 → 对方获得自主奖分(10分)
你的机器人直接接触了对面半场的方块或对方机器人 SG7 → 对方获得自主奖分 + 自主胜利积分(AWP)
双方机器人在中线球门附近同时互动,产生附带接触 SG8 例外 → 裁判判断,可能不判罚
机器人故意跨线干扰 / 执行防守型自主策略 SG7 严重违规(Major) → 取消资格(DQ) + 对方奖分 + AWP
"影响了对方自主程序"的官方定义(SG7 d 条款原文):
规则给出了两个具体例子:
1. 你的方块滚过去,撞动了对方半场的方块,导致对方机器人的自主程序找不到原来位置的方块
2. 你的方块滚过去,被对方机器人捡起来了(干扰了对方的路径或动作)

简单判断标准:你的方块越线后,有没有碰到对方的东西或挡了对方的路。有 → 影响了;没有 → 可能不判。
注意:开局放在自主线上的 8 个方块(两组各4个)不受此限制——双方都可以在自主阶段使用这些方块(SG7 a 条款)。
点击查看 SG7 原文关键段落
<SG7> Don't cross the Autonomous Line, and don't interfere with your opponents' actions. During the Autonomous Period, Robots may not contact foam tiles, Blocks, or Field Elements which are on the opposing Alliance's side of the Autonomous Line.

a. Blocks that begin the Match in contact with the Autonomous Line are not considered to be on either side, and may be utilized by either Alliance during the Autonomous Period.

d. Blocks should only cross the Autonomous Line through Goals. Violations of this clause that affect the opposing Alliance's autonomous routines will result in the Autonomous Bonus being awarded to the opposing Alliance. Examples of affecting the opposing Alliance could include, but are not limited to, a Block moving another Block out of its starting position so the opponent misses it or a Block crossing the Field and being picked up by an opponent Robot.

e. Teams that employ deliberate Defensive autonomous strategies that impact their opponents' autonomous routines in ways not specifically prohibited by previous clauses, such as intentionally placing Blocks on the other side of the Autonomous Line, may be subject to Minor Violations or Major Violations at the discretion of the Head Referees.

Violation Notes:
· All Violations of this rule (Major or Minor) will result in the Autonomous Bonus being awarded to the opposing Alliance; some also award an Autonomous Win Point. See <SG8> for a potential exception.
· Intentional, strategic, or egregious Violations will be considered Major Violations and should result in a Disqualification for the Match.
· Deliberate Defensive Autonomous strategies, as described in clause E, may also be recorded as Major Violations at the Head Referee's discretion.
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 48-49 页 · SG7 a/b/c/d/e 条款 · SG8 b 条款(第 50 页)· SC5 c 条款(第 28 页)

二、<SG8> 自主线附近对抗扩展(翅膀打法)

影响程度:中

SG8 在自主线附近互动:风险自负

v4.0 变化:扩展了"翅膀打法"(wing play,即中线球门附近的对抗)的内容。

核心意思:如果你的机器人在自主阶段选择去操作自主线上的方块或中线附近球门的开放端,你要做好对方机器人也在那里的心理准备。

游戏设计委员会(GDC)的意思:中线附近的球门和方块是双方都可以用的资源。自主阶段双方机器人在这里碰到了是正常的,99% 的情况不应该有罚单。但故意搞破坏的不行。
点击查看 SG8 原文关键段落
<SG8> Engage with the Autonomous Line at your own risk. Any Robot who engages with Blocks that begin the Match on the Autonomous Line and/or engages with an open portion of a Goal in proximity to the Autonomous Line should be aware that opponent Robots may also choose to do the same.

a. If a possible <GG14> Violation occurs, a judgment call will be made by the Head Referee within the context of <GG14> and <GG15> (just as it would if the interaction had occurred during the Driver Controlled Period).

b. Incidental Violations of <SG7> will not be penalized and will not automatically award the Autonomous Bonus to the opponent as described in <GG13>. However, this allowance only applies when opposing Robots are interacting with the same element.

c. Intentional, strategic, repeated, or egregious offenses, such as negatively impacting Robots that are not engaging with the Autonomous Line, may still be deemed a Violation.
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 50 页 · SG8 a/b/c 条款

三、<SG10> 球门操作 + 守门规则重写

影响程度:高

SG10 不能伸入球门封闭区域,不能守门(Goalkeeping)

这是 v4.0 最重要的规则变更。

什么是合法的球门操作

什么是守门(Goalkeeping)

机器人伸入球门的开放部分,但没有在主动操作方块(没有在加方块、没有在移方块、没有在推方块)——就是"杵在那里"——这就是守门。

另外,同时伸入长球门两端的开口部分也算守门,即使一端在操作方块。

自主阶段(0:15)允许守门。
操控阶段(Driver Controlled Period,1:45)不允许守门。

被裁判叫了守门之后的正确操作

裁判喊
"红方守门!"
立刻停止
球门内操作
机器人后退
留出可见空隙
空隙确认后
可重新进入球门操作

违规升级逻辑

行为 后果
被叫后迅速后退并留出空隙 口头警告,可能不记违规
被叫后磨蹭不走(反应慢、没有明显撤退动作) 轻微违规(a 条款)
被叫后趁机操作方块(加方块/推方块/移方块)再走 额外轻微违规(b 条款)
退出球门后只抬翅膀没后退,没有可见空隙就重新进入 轻微违规(c 条款)
一次守门判罚中同时犯了上面多条 可累计多张轻微违规
单场比赛累计 1-2 次违规,且分差 ≤ 10 分 判为影响比赛结果(Match Affecting)
单场比赛累计 3 次以上违规 严重违规(Major)→ 取消资格(DQ)
被叫后完全无视(明显能动但不动) 裁判可直接判严重违规
c 条款关键细节:"只抬翅膀"不算结束守门。机器人必须物理后退,让机器人和球门开口之间出现肉眼可见的空隙,才能重新进入球门操作。
待进一步讨论的问题(Edison 标记): 这些问题涉及裁判判断空间,需要结合 Q&A 2826、Q&A 2996 进一步确认。
点击查看 SG10 原文关键段落
<SG10> Don't reach inside enclosed sections of Goals, and no Goalkeeping. Robots are not permitted to directly contact Blocks that are fully within enclosed sections of Long Goals, but may add or remove Blocks from open sections of Goals at any time during a Match.

A Robot can only reach into any open portion of a Goal to legally move Blocks (e.g., into or out of the Control Zone or the entire Goal). Goalkeeping is allowed during the Autonomous Period. If a Head Referee sees a Robot that is Goalkeeping in the Driver Controlled Period of a Head-to-Head Match, that Robot should receive a verbal warning and must exit the Goal.

a. A Robot should receive a Violation if it takes no action to leave the Goal after receiving a verbal warning, or is still in the Goal after a brief period of time.

b. A Robot that adds or removes Blocks to or from the Control Zone and/or Goal after the verbal warning and prior to exiting the Goal should receive a Violation.

c. After leaving the Goal, the Robot must back up from the Goal such that there is visible space between the Robot and the open portion of the Goal (e.g., just lifting the "wing" isn't enough to end the Goalkeeping call) before it can re-engage with an open portion of that Goal.

Violation Notes:
a. A Robot can receive multiple Violations for a single Goalkeeping call; for example, by remaining in the Goal for an extended period after the verbal warning and then removing Blocks from the Control Zone as they depart.
b. A Robot that remains in a Goal after receiving a Violation (e.g., an unpowered Robot or a Team that ignores the Goalkeeping call) is subject to a Major Violation at the Head Referee's discretion.
c. A Team with one or two Violations in a Match should be considered Match Affecting if their Alliance ties or wins the Match by 10 points or less.
d. For the purposes of this rule, the following guidelines should be used to escalate repeated Minor Violations to a Major Violation in Qualification Matches and Elimination Matches: i. Three or more Violations by a Team in a single Match. ii. Three or more Matches with at least one Violation by a Team.
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 52-53 页 · SG10 a/b/c 条款 · Goalkeeping 定义(第 23 页)· 相关 Q&A: 2826, 2837, 2845, 2864, 2923, 2996

四、<SG1> 起始位置放宽

影响程度:低

SG1 允许突破停车区(Park Zone)围栏平面或接触围栏

v4.0 变化:之前机器人起始时不能突破对方联盟色停车区围栏的平面。现在这个限制被移除了。

现行起始条件(全部满足):

实际影响:起始位置更灵活了。机器人可以更靠近停车区围栏放置,不用担心机构"越线"的问题。
点击查看 SG1 原文
<SG1> Starting a Match. Prior to the start of each Match, the Robot must be placed such that it meets all of the following criteria:
a. No larger than 18" (457.2 mm) long by 18" (457.2 mm) wide by 18" (457.2 mm) tall.
b. Not contacting any Blocks other than a maximum of one (1) Preload. See rule <SG5>.
c. Not contacting any Goals or Loaders.
d. Not contacting any other Robots.
e. Completely stationary (i.e., no motors or other mechanisms in motion).
f. Contacting and/or at least partially within the vertical projection of its Alliance-colored Park Zone.
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 46 页 · SG1 a-f 条款

五、<S5> 参与者释放表

影响程度:行政

S5 措辞修订——释放表按赛事+赛季要求

v4.0 变化:修订措辞,明确释放表要按赛事和赛季存档。

英文原文:"Each Student Team member must have a completed participant release form on file for the event and season."

确保每个学生在每个赛事都有当季有效的释放表存档。这是行政层面的要求,不影响比赛策略。
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 30 页 · S5

六、机器人规则变更

影响程度:中

R8 主控(Brain)附件归属明确

V5 主控的附件(短法兰、长法兰、磁性屏幕保护器)属于 V5 主控的一部分,只能合法用在机器人上作为主控的组成部分。不能把这些附件拆下来当结构件用在机器人其他地方。

英文原文中的 "Brain" 即 V5 Robot Brain(主控)

参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 60 页 · R8 a 条款
影响程度:中

R10 测试版固件(Beta)禁止使用

新增 d 条款:测试版固件(版本号以字母 'b' 结尾的固件)不允许在比赛中使用

赛前检查:确认你的 V5 主控固件版本号不以 'b' 结尾。如果是测试版,必须刷回正式版。最低要求 VEXos 1.1.5 或更新。
点击查看 R10 原文关键段落
<R10> Firmware. Teams must use VEXos version 1.1.5 or newer.
d. Beta firmware, which includes any firmware version that ends with the letter 'b', is not legal for use in competition.
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 60-61 页 · R10 d 条款
影响程度:低

R20 非 VEX 零件规格明确化

更新了合法的非 VEX 零件精确规格:

零件类型 规格限制 条款
橡皮筋 不超过 7.5" 长 × 0.25" 宽 R20g
扎带 不超过 12" 长 × 0.25" 宽 R20i
防滑垫 尺寸与 VEX 防滑垫相似,单片不超过 12" × 15",必须为黑色,不能有额外性能增益(不能有额外弹性、粘性背面等) R20m
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 64-65 页 · R20 g/i/m 条款

七、锦标赛规则变更

影响程度:行政

T10e 资格赛中的全赛事 Disqualification

v4.0 在 T10 新增了 clause e,明确了 CoC(行为准则)违规导致全赛事 DQ 的具体流程:

步骤内容
1. 触发条件 RECF 区域支持经理(RSM)认定某队应被移除
2. 执行操作 赛事合作伙伴(Event Partner)使用赛事管理系统(TM)的全赛事取消资格功能,将该队从所有后续比赛中移除
3. 空位处理 被移除队伍在后续资格赛中的位置,由赛程末尾的队伍自动替补;赛程末尾相应减少比赛场次

注意:这不是裁判能自行决定的——必须由 RECF 区域支持经理做出判断,赛事合作伙伴执行。触发原因是行为准则违规(CoC-related Violation),不是普通比赛犯规。

点击查看原文 (T10e)
If the RECF Regional Support Manager determines that a Team should be removed from further Matches at the event based on the outcome of a CoC-related Violation, the Event Partner can use the full-event Disqualification feature in TM to remove that Team from all further Matches at the event. Their spots in later Qualification Matches will be replaced automatically by Teams from the end of the Match Schedule, and Matches will be removed from the end of the schedule as appropriate.
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 · T10 clause e · p.81
影响程度:行政

T16b 联盟选拔后的全赛事 Disqualification

v4.0 在 T16 新增了 b 条款,处理的是更复杂的情况——联盟已经组好了,其中一支队伍被取消资格:

步骤内容
1. 触发条件 联盟选拔之后,某队因行为准则违规被移除(参考 T10e)
2. 执行操作 赛事合作伙伴使用赛事管理系统的全赛事取消资格功能,将该队从其联盟中移除
3. 替补规则 排名最高的、尚未加入任何联盟的队伍替补该位置
4. 替补不可用 如果该队不愿意或无法参加 → 依次找下一个符合条件的队伍
5. 无队可补 该联盟剩余的一支队伍单独参赛淘汰赛(1v2 劣势)
点击查看原文 (T16b)
If a Team must be removed after Alliance Selection due to the outcome of a CoC-related Violation (see clause e of <T10>), the Event Partner can use the full-event Disqualification feature in TM to remove that Team from their Alliance. Their spot in that Alliance will be filled manually by the Event Partner by the next-highest-ranked Team that is not already in an Alliance. If that Team is unavailable or unwilling to participate, the Event Partner can manually select the next-highest-ranked and available Team. If no replacement Team is available, the remaining half of that Alliance will play alone.
参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 · T16 clause b · p.83
对我们的影响

T10e / T16b 实际意义

八、新增 Section 8 — VEX Worlds 2026

影响程度:高(仅限参加世锦赛的队伍)

Section 8 VEX Worlds 2026 特别规定

这是 v4.0 全新增加的章节。如果你的队伍将参加世锦赛,必须了解以下内容:

比赛场地

机器人与检录

锦标赛结构

级别 分区数量
V5RC 高中组 10 个分区(Division)
V5RC 初中组 7 个分区
VURC(大学组) 3 个分区

总决赛(VEX Dome)

参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 122-123 页 · Section 8 全文

九、定义类变更

影响程度:理解层面

定义 守门(Goalkeeping)定义更新

现行定义(p.23):机器人在以下情况被视为守门:

  1. 伸入球门的任何开放部分,但没有通过合法方式尝试改变比分(没有在主动移动球门内的方块、没有在往球门或控制区添加/移除方块)
  2. 同时伸入长球门两端的开口部分(无论是否在操作方块)

机器人可以持有方块、具备得分能力,但根据其实际行为仍可能被判守门。

参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 23 页 · Game-Specific Definitions - Goalkeeping
影响程度:理解层面

定义 行为准则违规(CoC-related Violation)定义更新

明确列出了属于行为准则(Code of Conduct)相关的规则范围:

V5RC / VURC / VAIRC:<S2>, <G1>, <G2>, <G4>, <G5>, <R1>~<R4>,以及 <S1> 的严重违规

增加了行为准则调查流程的说明:由赛事合作伙伴(Event Partner)、主裁判(Head Referee)、评审顾问(Judge Advisor)、RECF 区域支持经理(RSM)协调处理,后续由 RECF 规则与行为委员会(RCC)调查。

参考规则: Game Manual v4.0 第 18 页 · General Definitions - CoC-related Violation

本文档基于 VEX V5 Robotics Competition Push Back Game Manual Version 4.0(2026年4月2日发布)整理。
官方原文请访问:https://link.vex.com/docs/25-26/v5rc-pushback-manual
生效日期:2026年4月9日

标记说明: 直接影响比赛策略或机器人设计 需要注意但影响有限 微调,了解即可 行政/理解 不影响比赛本身